Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) is a type of stellar explosion with a luminosity 10 or more times higher than that of normal supernovae. The physical origins of the extreme luminosity emitted by SLSNe are a hot topic in astrophysics research. In this talk, I will introduce multiple models for what conditions may produce an SLSN, including core collapse in particularly massive stars, millisecond magnetars, interaction with circumstellar material (CSM model). In addition, I will introduce a general theory of homologous explosions with constant opacity, paying special attention on the evolution of the photospheric radius. We find that regardless of the density distribution profile, the photosphere always increases early on and decreases at late times. This general behavior can be used to quickly diagnose whether the source originates from a supernova-like explosion.
